Diversity and varietal classification of Hibiscus syriacus L. with the heterogeneity within retrotransposon-like elements

Retrotransposons are present in multi-copy numbers that are integrated into plant genomes with considerable heterogeneous sequences within a single plant and between plant species, which allows the use of retrotransposons as additional sources of DNA polymorphism. A primer design for the sequence-tagged specific site and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (STS-CAPs) that are derived from retrotransposon-like sequences was developed for the molecular marker analysis in Hibiscus syriacus. This method was applied for the detection of sequence variations of intact retrotransposons that exist in plant genomes, which resulted in higher polymorphisms than in the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Through STS-CAPs, specific fingerprinting data among H. syriacus varieties can be easily distinguished and generated with reproducible results. It could also be adapted to any species that possess multi-copy retrotransposons for varietal identification as well as the assessment of genetic relationships.     

B→O血型转变工具酶α-半乳糖苷酶cDNA克隆及表达

 α-半乳糖苷酶是实现 B→O血型转变、制备通用型血的关键工具酶 .利用反转录 PCR方法从中国海南 Catimor咖啡豆中克隆α-半乳糖苷酶 c DNA,插入嗜甲基酵母 P.pastoris分泌表达载体 p PIC9K中 ,转化 P.pastoris GS1 1 5,筛选高表达重组菌株 .经甲醇诱导表达 7d后 ,发酵液总蛋白分泌量约 1 .2 mg/ml,SDS- PAGE呈现约 41 k D特异表达带 ,与专一性底物对 -硝基 -苯基 -α- D-吡喃半乳糖苷反应证明 ,表达产物具有 α-半乳糖苷酶活性 ,最高达到 1 8U/ml.初步实验表明 ,表达的 α-半乳糖苷酶可酶解 B型红细胞 ,成功实现 B→O血型转变 .     

糖类在植物组织培养中的效应

糖类是影响植物组织培养成功与否的关键之一。迄今为止,已用于植物组织培养的糖类有５０多种。在植物体细胞组织培养中,蔗糖一直作为标准碳源,然而其他糖类物质如：葡萄糖、麦芽糖和山梨醇对植物体细胞培养也产生了一定的影响。在植物花药培养中,蔗糖较好,但应注意麦芽糖对花药培养的促进作用。     

向日葵CMS育性恢复的研究

向日葵细胞质雄性不育（Ｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃｍａｌｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｔｙ,ＣＭＳ）育性恢复的机理是非常复杂的。运用遗传学和分子生物学方法,分析了具代表性的４种不同细胞质类型的ＣＭＳ育性被恢复的频率和２０种向日葵自交系对１９种ＣＭＳ的恢复能力及个别ＣＭＳ植株自发恢复的原因。实验结果表明,４种ＣＭＳ品系育性被恢复的频率分别为５８．８％．５６．３％．１１．８％和０％．２０种自交系的恢复力为５．９－７５．０％。部分ＣＭＳ品系和大多数自交系含有恢复基因,恢复基因的数量及类型决定了ＣＭＳ品系被恢复的程度及自交系的恢复能力。同时,提出并证实了线粒体不育基因变异是导致ＡＲＧ１ＣＭＳ植株自发恢复育性的主要原因。     

氯化钇和氯化镨引起的人淋巴细胞DNA分子损伤的研究

用单细胞凝胶电泳法检测了稀土化合物氯化钇和氯化镨对人外周血淋巴细胞的ＤＮＡ损伤效应。结果表明,与对照相比,３种不同浓度的氯化钇和氯化镨均可引起淋巴细胞ＤＮＡ受损后ＤＮＡ迁移率的显著升高,受损伤细胞的百分率与对照差异明显,提示氯化钇和氯化镨具有一定的遗传毒性。     

辣椒素的镇痛作用

辣椒素是从辣椒中提取出来的一种具有镇痛作用的物质。通过激活感觉神经纤维上的瞬时感受器电位香草酸受体1(transient receptor potential vanilloid 1,TRPV1),释放并消耗大量神经肽物质,使神经细胞对伤害性刺激产生脱敏化反应,进而发挥持久的镇痛作用而不影响运动功能。因而在难治性疼痛类疾病中,辣椒素具有独特的治疗价值。以辣椒素为主要成分的制剂已经在临床治疗中开展应用。特定位点注射辣椒素或其类似物resiniferatoxin可以减轻癌痛患者的疼痛症状。但由于辣椒素的治疗剂量与毒性剂量存在部分重叠,使得其在临床应用中受到一定程度的限制。不同的给药方式和作用部位所产生的作用效果可能不同。为深入了解辣椒素的镇痛作用及作用机制,充分发挥其治疗价值,现从不同给药途径总结近几年来辣椒素镇痛作用的研究成果。     

骨髓间充质干细胞在脱细胞真皮基质再生过程中的初步研究

较大的腹壁缺损需要应用补片修复来缓解腹横筋膜的张力,人工合成补片的应用一定程度上实现了无张力修补的目的,但它在腹壁外科应用中有诸多的并发症,诸如复发率高,腹腔黏连,肠穿孔导致腹膜炎,侵袭性肠瘘等影响患者术后的正常生活,而脱细胞真皮基质(Acellular dermal matrix,ADM)作为一种新型的生物材料应用在腹壁外科中能解决上述人工合成补片所带来的并发症发挥强大作用且能与周围组织较好的融合,最后改建成宿主自身组织已并在多学科领域中广泛应用;骨髓间充质干细胞(Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)能参与组织自我修复,并能分化成为多种功能细胞,分泌各种生长因子,在ADM内源性转归过程中可发挥作用。本文就对骨髓间充质干细胞在ADM生物补片应用于临床疝修补术中转归机制的研究做一综述。     

不同效应室浓度舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚对Narcotrend的影响

目的:探讨靶控输注不同效应室浓度的舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚对Narcotrend指数(NI)的影响。方法:选择60例全麻患者,年龄40-60岁,体重指数30 kg/m2,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,随机分为4组(n=15):舒芬太尼效应室靶控浓度0.1 ng/m L(A组)、0.2 ng/m L(B组)、0.3 ng/m L(C组)、0.4 ng/m L(D组);各组舒芬太尼达效应室靶浓度5 min后给予丙泊酚1 mg/kg。记录实验过程中的血压、心率、血氧饱和度及NI。所有患者在实验结束后,均调整至适宜的麻醉深度,给与阿曲库胺,进行气管插管。结果:靶控输注舒芬太尼使各组的NI有不同程度的降低,随着靶控浓度的增加,降低幅度增大;单纯靶控输注舒芬太尼时,其效应室浓度与NI呈负相关,相关系数为-0.456。结论:舒芬太尼能降低NI,舒芬太尼效应室浓度与NI呈负相关。而舒芬太尼效应室浓度0.4 ng/m L复合丙泊酚后,NI反而呈短暂的上升,随后下降的现象。     

Absolute Leukocyte Telomere Length in HIV-Infected and Uninfected Individuals: Evidence of Accelerated Cell Senescence in HIV-Associated Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has extended the longevity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. However, this has resulted in greater awareness of age-associated diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accelerated cellular senescence may be responsible, but its magnitude as measured by leukocyte telomere length is unknown and its relationship to HIV-associated COPD has not yet been established. We measured absolute telomere length (aTL) in peripheral leukocytes from 231 HIV-infected adults. Comparisons were made to 691 HIV-uninfected individuals from a population-based sample. Subject quartiles of aTL were assessed for relationships with measures of HIV disease severity, airflow obstruction, and emphysema severity on computed tomographic (CT) imaging. Multivariable regression models identified factors associated with shortened aTL. Compared to HIV-uninfected subjects, the mean aTL in HIV-infected patients was markedly shorter by 27 kbp/genome (p<0.001); however, the slopes of aTL vs. age were not different (p=0.469). Patients with longer known durations of HIV infection (p=0.019) and lower nadir CD4 cell counts (p=0.023) had shorter aTL. Shorter aTL were also associated with older age (p=0.026), smoking (p=0.005), reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (p=0.030), and worse CT emphysema severity score (p=0.049). HIV-infected subjects demonstrate advanced cellular aging, yet in a cART-treated cohort, the relationship between aTL and age appears no different from that of HIV-uninfected subjects.